{"id":8168,"date":"2019-10-03T02:39:00","date_gmt":"2019-10-02T18:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/?p=8168"},"modified":"2025-01-24T02:42:07","modified_gmt":"2025-01-23T18:42:07","slug":"google-distributed-lock-service-chubby%e4%b8%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/?p=8168","title":{"rendered":"Google Distributed Lock Service – Chubby(\u4e0a)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

2019-10-03 | Jack Lin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u524d\u8a00<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u6211\u5011\u524d\u9762\u525b\u8b1b\u5b8cZookeeper\u7684\u5171\u8b58\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u4ecb\u7d39\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u5c31\u8df3\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9396\u670d\u52d9\u4e86\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70baApache\u7cfb\u5217\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f8b\u5982: Hadoop<\/code>\u3001Kafka<\/code>…\u7b49\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u66fe\u7d93\u624b\u52d5\u5f9e\u982d\u90e8\u7f72\u904e\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u6703\u77e5\u9053\u90e8\u7f72\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6703\u540c\u6642\u90e8\u7f72Zookeeper\u9019\u500b\u670d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800cZookeeper<\/strong>\u5176\u5be6\u5c31\u662fChubby<\/strong>\u7684\u958b\u6e90\u5be6\u73fe;
\u5c31\u50cfHadoop<\/strong>\u662fMapReduce<\/strong>\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u958b\u6e90\u5be6\u73fe;
\u5c31\u50cfKubernetes<\/strong>\u662fBorg<\/strong>\u7684\u958b\u6e90\u5be6\u73fe\u4e00\u6a23\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800cGoogle\u5f9e2000\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u958b\u59cb\u8ddfAmazon\u4e00\u6a23\u4e5f\u9032\u5165\u4e86\u96f2\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6709\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4e00\u5b9a\u77e5\u9053Google\u9032\u5165\u96f2\u7aef\u6709\u4e09\u5927\u99ac\u8eca\u982d: GFS<\/code>\u3001BigTable<\/code>\u8207MapReduce<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u9019\u4e09\u5927\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u540c\u6838\u5fc3\u5c31\u662f\u4eca\u5929\u8981\u4ecb\u7d39\u7684Chubby<\/strong>\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u500b\u670d\u52d9\u6709\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u4e86\u5427\uff01<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chubby<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

\u7c21\u4ecb<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u76ee\u7684<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u8981\u77e5\u9053Chubby\u662f\u4e00\u500bDistributed Lock Service\uff0c\u9019\u5728\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u984c\u76ee\u5c31\u5b9a\u7fa9\u4e86:\u00a0\u300aThe Chubby lock service for loosely coupled distributed systems\u300b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

Chubby provides coarse-grained locking as well as reliable storage for a loosely-coupled distributed system.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\u6703\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u500b\u9396\u670d\u52d9\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5927\u5bb6\u770b\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u61c9\u8a72\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u76f4\u89ba\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u4e0d\u7ba1\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u90fd\u6703\u78b0\u5230\u7684\u5169\u500b\u554f\u984c\u5c31\u662f<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u9078Leader<\/strong>\uff0c\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\u88e1\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u8981\u80fd\u5920\u9078Leader\uff0c\u5c0d\u8ab0\u662fLeader\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u8b58<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u5132\u5b58\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    \u800c\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u4f60\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528Paxos\u7684\u4e8c\u968e\u6bb5\u63d0\u4ea4<\/code>\u6574\u5408Raft\u7684replicate state machine<\/code>\u90fd\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u89e3\u6c7a\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u4ee5\u628aPaxos\u8207Raft\u5beb\u6210library\u7528\u5728\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u9700\u8981\u5171\u8b58\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u7684project\u88e1\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u4f46\u662fGoogle\u56e0\u70ba\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5e7e\u500b\u539f\u56e0\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86Chubby\u9019\u500b\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u9396\u670d\u52d9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7684\u670d\u52d9\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u6642\u90fd\u662f\u5f9e\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684scale\u958b\u59cb\u7684\u3002\u6700\u958b\u59cb\u4e00\u5b9a\u8b1b\u6c42\u53ef\u4ee5\u904b\u4f5c\uff0c\u7b49\u5230\u670d\u52d9\u70ba\u4e86\u6548\u80fd\u70ba\u4e86HA\u8b8a\u5f97\u6210\u719f\u5f8c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u52a0\u5165replica servers<\/code>\u52a0\u5165Leader<\/code>\u8a2d\u8a08\u6642\uff0c\u6bd4\u8f03\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u9700\u8981\u7528\u5230Consensus Protocal<\/code>\u3002\u800c\u4f7f\u7528\u7368\u7acb\u7684Lock Service<\/code>\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8005\u4e0d\u7528\u5728\u73fe\u6709\u7684\u67b6\u69cb\u4e0b\u505a\u592a\u5927\u7684\u6539\u52d5\uff0c\u52a0\u5165\u5e7e\u884c\u689d\u4ef6\u5224\u65b7\u8207RPC Call<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528Lock service\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    2. \u53e6\u5916\u5728\u7cfb\u7d71\u9078\u51faLeader<\/code>\u6216\u662f\u9032\u884cData Partition<\/code>\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u6703\u9700\u8981\u8b93\u6bcf\u4e00\u500bprocesses\u8207client\u77e5\u9053\u9019\u4e9b\u8cc7\u8a0a\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaaLeader\u7684\u4f4d\u5740(ip)\u3002\u9019\u807d\u8d77\u4f86\u50cf\u662fName Services<\/code>\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u662fChubby\u597d\u50cf\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u63d0\u4f9b\u9019\u500b\u529f\u80fd\u4e86\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u505a\u5462\uff1fChubby\u9664\u4e86\u8a2d\u8a08\u63d0\u4f9bLock Service\uff0c\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5132\u5b58<\/code>\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u500b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u5728Chubby\u5167\u5c31\u6703\u7528\u5171\u8b58\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5<\/code>\u4f86\u5099\u4efd\u5728\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u6587\u4ef6\u5132\u5b58\uff0cClient\u8207processes\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u8b80\u53d6Chubby\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f86\u5f97\u5230Leader\u7684\u8cc7\u8a0a<\/strong>\u8207Data\u7684metadata<\/strong>\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u5728Google\u5167\u90e8\u6709\u4e9b\u5730\u65b9\u76f4\u63a5\u62ffChubby\u4f86\u505a\u70baDNS<\/code>\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u800cChubby\u751a\u81f3\u8b93Client\u53ef\u4ee5cache\u9019\u4e9b\u6587\u4ef6\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u8b80\u53d6\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5728\u66f4\u65b0\u6642\u6703\u4fdd\u8b49Consistent Caching<\/code>\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u751a\u81f3\u6c92\u6709DNS time-to-live\u7684\u904e\u671f\u554f\u984c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    3. \u9019\u9ede\u5f88\u641e\u7b11\uff0c\u8a2d\u8a08Chubby\u7684\u4eba\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0cLock\u662f\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u958b\u767c\u8005\u90fd\u719f\u6089\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u5728\u5bebMultithreading\/Multiprocessing\u6642\uff0c\u90fd\u66fe\u7528\u904eLock\u4f86\u7ba1\u7406Race Condition\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u8aaa\u670d\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5728\u958b\u767c\u6642\u8981\u7528\u5171\u8b58\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\u4f86\u8003\u91cf\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u554f\u984c\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u53cd\u76f4\u89ba\u7684\u3002\u8af7\u523a\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5f88\u591a\u958b\u767c\u8005\u4ee5\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u6703\u7528Lock\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5176\u5be6\u975e\u5e38\u5bb9\u6613\u72af\u932f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\u6c92\u6709\u8003\u616e\u5230Asynchronous\u74b0\u5883\u4e0bprocess\u5931\u6548\u6216\u662f\u7db2\u8def\u5ef6\u9072\u5c0dLock\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
      \n

      \u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6709\u5370\u8c61\uff0cChubby\u4f5c\u8005\u5c31\u662f\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5171\u8b58\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662fPaxos\u7684\u90a3\u4f4d\u5148\u751f- Mike Burrows<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u9ebc\u55c6<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. replica servers<\/code>\u8981HA\uff0c\u5c31\u8981\u5171\u8b58\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5<\/code>\uff0c\u5c31\u8981Quorum<\/code>\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u8981\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u96c6\u7fa4\uff0c\u8d85\u904e\u534a\u6578\u7684processes\u6d3b\u8457<\/strong>\u3002\u5982\u679c\u62bd\u96e2\u51fa\u4f86\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500bLock services<\/code>\u800c\u975e\u8b93\u958b\u767c\u8457\u7528Paxos Library<\/code>\u5beb\u5728\u7a0b\u5f0f\u88e1\u3002\u90a3\u5c31\u7b97\u4eca\u5929\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u500bprocess\u4f5c\u70ba\u4f7f\u7528Lock services<\/code>\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4eab\u53d7\u8cc7\u6599\u5132\u5b58HA\u4e14\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u597d\u8655\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        \u76ee\u524d\u70ba\u6b62\u7684\u5c0f\u7e3d\u7d50\uff0cChubby\u662f\u4e00\u500bLock Service<\/strong>\u4e5f\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5132\u5b58<\/strong>\u3002
        \u7136\u5f8c\u4ed6\u7684Client\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f8b\u5982: Hadoop\u3001HBase\u3001GFS…\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u8a2d\u8a08\u65b9\u5411<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

        Chubby\u9664\u4e86\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5169\u500b\u529f\u80fd\u9084\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u5883\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u529f\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        1. \u9078\u64c7\u5be6\u4f5c\u4e00\u500bLock Service<\/strong>\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u500bConsensus Protocal Library<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        2. \u70ba\u4e86Leader Election\u548c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7d00\u9304\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u63d0\u4f9b\u6587\u4ef6\u5132\u5b58<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n
        3. \u9019\u500b\u8cc7\u8a0a\u53ef\u80fd\u6703\u88ab\u4e0a\u5343\u500bclients\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u63d0\u4f9bwatch\u6a5f\u5236<\/strong>\uff0c\u8b93clients\u53ef\u4ee5watch\u88ab\u5275\u5efa\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        4. \u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u642d\u914dwatch\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e8b\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\u6a5f\u5236<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u7528\u8b93client\u4e00\u76f4polling\u8cc7\u8a0a<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        5. \u4f46\u662f\u9084\u662f\u6703\u6709\u4f7f\u7528chubby\u7684client\u5c31\u662f\u559c\u6b61\u4e0d\u65b7polling(\u5f88\u55c6)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9bcaching\u6a5f\u5236<\/strong>\u7d66\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u6709watch\u7684clients<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        6. \u56e0\u70ba\u6709\u4e9b\u958b\u767c\u8005\u5c0dcaching\u5f88\u4e0d\u719f(\u66f4\u55c6)\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4e00\u5f8b\u63d0\u4f9bConsistent Caching<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f60\u4e0d\u7528\u8655\u7406caching\u6a5f\u5236\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u7ba1\u8b80\u4e00\u5b9a\u5c0d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        7. (\u4f5c\u70baGoogle\u6211\u5f88\u6015\u8ca1\u7269\u640d\u5931\u8207\u5b98\u53f8)\u6240\u4ee5\u63d0\u4f9b\u5b89\u5168\u6a5f\u5236\u8207access control<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

          \u7b2c\u4e03\u9ede\u662f\u771f\u7684\uff0c\u539f\u6587\u5982\u4e0b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n

          \u2022 To avoid both financial loss<\/strong> and jail time<\/strong>, we provide
          security mechanisms, including access control.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

          Chubby<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n

          Chubby implements locks, a reliable small-file storage
          system, and a session\/lease mechanism in a single service.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

          Coarse-Grained(\u7c97\u7c92\u5ea6) Lock<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

          \u9019\u908a\u8b1b\u4e00\u4e0bChubby\u63d0\u4f9b\u7684Coarse-Grained Lock\uff0c\u7c21\u55ae\u8aaa\u5c31\u662f\u9019\u500bLock\u7684\u79df\u671f\u6bd4\u8f03\u9577\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u5883\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u983b\u7e41\u5730\u53d6\u5f97\/\u91cb\u653eLock\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaaLeader Election\u5728Leader\u5b58\u6d3b\u671f\u9593\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e00\u76f4\u62ff\u8457Lock\u4e0d\u7528\u91cb\u653e\u53c8\u53d6\u5f97\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u597d\u8655\u6709\u5169\u500b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \n
          1. \u5c0dChubby\u7684\u8ca0\u64d4\u8f03\u5c0f\u6548\u80fd\u8f03\u9ad8\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u670d\u52d9\u66f4\u591aClient\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          2. \u6240\u4ee5\u5982\u679cChubby\u77ed\u66ab\u5931\u6548\uff0cClient\u4ecd\u53ef\u4ee5\u904b\u4f5c\u4e0d\u592a\u6703\u88ab\u5ef6\u9072
            Eg.\u00a0Coarse-Grained<\/strong>\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728Chubby\u77ed\u66ab\u5931\u6548\u53c8\u6062\u5fa9\u5f8c\u5f88\u5927\u6a5f\u7387\u9084\u5728\u540c\u4e00\u500bLock\u9031\u671f(\u5e7e\u5929\u3001\u5e7e\u500b\u79ae\u62dc)\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u662fFine-Grained Lock<\/strong>\u5247Chubby\u5931\u6548\u5f8c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fdLock\u4e5f\u525b\u597d\u5230\u671f\uff0cClint\u8981\u91cd\u65b0\u62ffLock\u6642\u5c31\u8981\u7b49Chubby\u6062\u5fa9\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          3. \u4e5f\u56e0\u6b64\u5982\u679c\u662fFine-Grained Lock<\/strong>\uff0cClient(\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb\u7d71)\u8981\u983b\u7e41\u7684\u91cd\u65b0\u62ff\u53d6Lock\uff0c\u6548\u80fd\u8ddf\u53ef\u64f4\u5c55\u6027\u6bd4\u8f03\u5dee\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

            \u5c0f\u7d50<\/h1>\n\n\n\n

            \u4ee5\u4e0a\u5c31\u662fChubby\u7684\u7c21\u4ecb\u8207\u8a2d\u8a08\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u5e7e\u5929\u6211\u5011\u6703\u63a2\u8a0e\u4ed6\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u63a5\u8457\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u3002
            \u9019\u500b\u6211\u5011\u6703\u591a\u82b1\u4e00\u9ede\u7bc7\u5e45\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u5176\u5be6\u66f4\u5f8c\u9762\u7684Zookeeper<\/code>\u3001Redis<\/code>\u8207Etcd<\/code>\u672c\u8cea\u4e0a\u662f\u985e\u4f3c\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u5feb\u7684\u878d\u6703\u8cab\u901a\u8ddf\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            \u8cc7\u6599\u4f86\u6e90: https:\/\/ithelp.ithome.com.tw\/articles\/10224321<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            2019-10-03 | Jack Lin \u524d\u8a00 \u6211\u5011\u524d\u9762\u525b\u8b1b\u5b8cZookeeper\u7684\u5171\u8b58\u6f14\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u9084\u6c92\u4ecb\u7d39\u5b83\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u600e\u9ebc\u5c31\u8df3\u5230\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9396\u670d\u52d9\u4e86\u5462\uff1f \u9019\u662f\u56e0\u70baApache\u7cfb\u5217\u5e95\u4e0b\u7684\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7cfb…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[579],"tags":[26],"class_list":["post-8168","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-579","tag-ai"],"gutentor_comment":0,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8168","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8168"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8179,"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8168\/revisions\/8179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aict.nkust.edu.tw\/digitrans\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}